In accordance with the Law on Protection of rights of Authors، Composers and artists، Act of 1348، protection of literary and artistic Work and identification of author ownership right، starts after publishing. From this time onward these rights can be transferred through succession or testament. However، Article 65 of the Civil Law Enforcement، Act of 1365; allow the successors of the author to publish the unpublished work of their testator after his death and benefit the 50 years support. In other words، a literary and artistic work can create two materials right: One، after publishing till the author’ s death، which is profitable for the successors until 50 years after his death، the other is the right provided after publishing the work by the successors and after author’ s death. This creates an unreasonable result، First، ''unpublished (by the Author) works can be protected by law (whit publishing by the successors)''، and second، "The decision to publish the work، one of the moral rights، can also be inherited''!

The study investigates the manifestation of “Popular Feminism” in the content created and shared by Iranian Women’s rights activists on social media platforms. To do so, it is studied how women’s issues and claims are represented in these digital materials and which solutions are proposed by the activists for the gender inequality. This work is based on qualitative content analysis of sample posts extracted from four popular Instagram accounts which are run by women’s rights activists. Besides identifying the most frequent themes in these accounts, we criticised the content as being involved in feedback loops, emphasizing women’s bodies, presenting an aestheticised version of feminism and proposing simplified individualist solutions for gender inequalities.We also argued that however this sort of digital activism make women’s suppressed and marginalised issues and claims visible on the digital space, it is mainly a way for activists’ self-branding and it could be considered as part of a process in which popular feminist discourse is regenerated and reinforced in the Iranian digital space.

The way inventors in defense industries are championed is a more controversial issue in the Law on Intellectual Property. The problem is that on the one hand, as the general rules of intellectual property state, supporting inventors through granting patents (as a document indicating ownership and the right of exclusive use) involves the disclosure of information concerning inventions, and on the other hand, the country's defense imperatives require having to maintain confidentiality as related to these inventions. For this purpose, the question raised is that of whether the material rights capable of being granted to inventors in defense industry, and totally speaking, the way those inventors are supported should be the same as the way other inventors (i. e. non-defense inventors) are supported. In the present article, we seek to make a comparative study of the material rights capable of being granted to inventors in defense industry in China, Russia, the United States and Iran with library method in an effort to detect and introduce a convenient legal system as for inventors' material rights in defense industries in these countries. Finally, it is concluded that, firstly, due to inevitable limitations that follow from the confidentiality of defense inventions and the Administration's supervision over how these inventions are employed, making a payment as compensation or reward on top of exclusive property right is increasingly logical and closely aligned with defense and economic interests, and secondly, issuing patents in order to support the inventors in defense-related industries is far from colliding with the basics of intellectual property law.

Linking to other websites content on the internet is a common practice which makes it easy for users to access their desired material. Two issues are raised as to linking. First, freedom of linking principle which has been justified by free nature of worldwide web and implicit authorization to link to all pages of a website by mere unconditioned presence on the web. The main reason raised by opponents is elimination of advertising profits of the front page of the linked website in certain types of linking. Another important issue is the probability of infringing the linked website owner’ s copyright. Hence the need to analyze possible types of infringement i. e. direct and indirect infringement and material and moral rights exposed to infringement by linking. This article, through descriptive-analytical method, has studied the concept and different types and freedom or prohibition of linking and the relation between linking and copyright from the perspective of Imamia Jurisprudence and law and concluded that all links are not necessarily infringing and the advertising incomes of websites may be acquired through advertisements on deep pages and linking may be restricted through technological means.

Some people believe that some persons who breach Social Norms or commit a crime must be under some harder limitations in the society and they are not entitled to have all the Human rights. But, we must deny this belief. Because, the right of the society to perform. Some restrictive provisions against the offenders do not mean that the society has the right to deprive them of Human rights, but also. The society has a duty of respecting these rights.One of the social groups, are the persons, who are labeled of addiction. This label, irrespective of Legal effects, because of society's negative opinion on addicts, in itself, is restrictive and when we consider it criminal, the limitations become twofold.The case in this essay is, if the legislator is right to deprive the addicts from Human rights Have Iranian Legislators respected addicts Human rights? How much? If not, why? Or the legislator, in practice, these rights and the provisions are not in contradiction with Human rights.

Introduction: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the radiopacity of calcium enriched material cement and mineral trioxide aggregated fillapex with 3 types of sealers: Endoseal, and AH26 at different focal distances of 15 cm and 30 cm. Methods: The research method was an experimental and lab trial. In this research, 3 endodontic sealers: Pulpdent, Endoseal, and AH26 and two root filling material: mineral trioxide aggregated fillapex and calcium enriched material cement were studied. From each material 6 samples were prepared. The samples were prepared on a glass slab by stirring with the help of a spatula and placed in molds with dimensions of 1 x 5 x 5 mm. Radiographs were prepared with the PSP Fire CR digital sensor system at a distance of 15 and 30 cm from the samples. Radio opacity information obtained was interpreted by Quantor Dent for Windows software. The obtained results were analyzed by SPSS version 16 statistical software and Two-way ANOVA and Tukey test. Results: The results showed that AH26 had the highest optical density value and calcium enriched material cement had the lower radiopacity. There was a significant difference between the radiopacity value of the 5 studied materials (P<0. 05). Conclusion: All the studied materials had the minimal standard of radiopacity.

Background: The infertility as a stressful happening is accompanied by a variety of psychological problems. The present study mainly aims to compare material intimacy and satisfaction in infertile and normal women.Methods: This is a casual- comparative research which 50 infertile women and 50 fertile women were selected and compared in an available way and voluntarily, out of those referred to Kermanshah Imam Hossein Hospital in 2014. The information was collected through two questionnaires including enrich and material satisfaction.Results: The study findings indicated that material intimacy in fertile women is significantly higher than the women who are infertile for any reason, and also, the mean of the perceived material satisfaction in normal couples is significantly higher than the infertile couples. The present study had secondary findings as well, which indicated that there is a negative relationship between material intimacy and duration of marriage. In other words, since the time of marriage, whatever material life is spent, intimacy and warmth of the relationship is diminished.Conclusions: It can be concluded from the results of research that fertile and child is causing more warmth and intimacy, marriage, even though the damage is based on the results of this study routine and intimate relationship with time is reduced.

Every year in Iranian ports dredging is spending a considerable sum. Correct assessment of dredged material and ensuring that the dredging was done in the desired location is important. This article seeks to provide a way to assess the volume of dredged material that has conditions: (1) have adequate theoretical basis, (2) by the host, supervisor and employer independently applicable, (3) repeated so that in the event of a dispute between performer and observer, is done by a third party, (4) can be a single procedure in the PMO and Ports introduced, (5) it can be used to estimate the exact volume Before performing dredging operations used and (6) of the existing technologies used and its implementation does not impose costly.The main idea of this paper is to provide a method for processing hydrography data to estimate the volume of dredging operations and possibly to insert it in the (RFP) and then measuring it during operations or after it. For this, using mathematical triangulation Delaney three bed early, simulated surface and the seabed dredged and the difference between the first substrate and the estimated volume of operations and of different simulated first bed and the bed was dredged, the volume of operations carried out by the has come.